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Double glazing reduces heat loss and noise pollution by trapping a layer of air between two glass panes in the window. This is much more effective at insulation from noise and cold than a single pane of glass. The inner pane of glass stays warmer than the outside pane which reduces condensation. Two common types of double glazing are factory-sealed units and secondary glazing. Factory-sealed units consist of two panes of glass which are 6mm, 9mm, 12mm or 20mm apart. Secondary double glazing offers improved noise reduction and fits over existing windows which is preferably for period houses with old-fashioned windows. Factory-sealed units are less obtrusive though on the whole. The gap between the panes needs to be at least 20mm for optimal heat loss insulation. For noise insulation a gap of 100mm to 200mm is required. The ideal solution is a sealed double-glazing unit combined with secondary glazing, ie with three panes of glass in total. Installing double glazing can reduce bills and also improve security as it harder to break in through double glazed windows.
The most popular form of DIY double glazing is secondary double glazing as it is easiest to fit and usually cheaper as well. Secondary double glazing is suitable for almost any style or shape of window. It consists of another pane of glass fitted over the existing one, usually on the inside. Secondary glazing can be fixed to sash frames, window frames, or across the interior or exterior window sill. Which method you use depends on how easily the glazing can be fixed, the type of glazing chosen and the amount of ventilation required. Fixing the glazing to the sash reduces heat loss through glass and provides ventilation but does not prevent draughts. Glazing fixed to the window frame is more effective at reducing heat loss and draughts. Glazing which is fixed across the sill also reduces noise as the air gap is wider. If the room does not have other forms of ventilation, the type of glazing you choose should allow you to open the window to let fresh air in. Fitting secondary glazing externally is the preferred option if internal glazing would look too unsightly.
Another form of DIY double glazing is to stretch a thin sheet of plastic across the window frame and secure it with double-sided adhesive. This has to remain in place for the whole of winter and does not allow access to the window but is a cheap, easy and effective method of insulation.
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